도홍하잉 Do Hong Hanh , 김영규 Kim Youngkyu

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.1 Vol.79(No.0) 1-34, 2025

This study examines the research trends on learning motivation in the field of Teaching Korean to Speakers of Other Languages, categorizes existing themes, and suggests directions for future studies. Research published in Korea up to December 31, 2024 was collected through online databases, such as RISS and the National Assembly Digital Library, and manual searches, and a total of 231 studies were identified in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines (Tricco et al., 2018). Findings show that research activity has grown significantly since 2010, with survey-based quantitative studies predominating. Participant samples commonly included learners from diverse cultural backgrounds and proficiency levels. Thematic analysis revealed three major foci: (1) factors of motivation, demotivation, and remotivation; (2) links between motivation and cognitive factors; and (3) stories of motivational change. Frequently applied theories included Gardner’s Socio-educational Model, Ryan and Deci’s Self-Determination Theory, and Dornyei’s L2 Motivational Self System, while Norton’s Imagined Communities Framework has gained prominence in recent years. The study concludes with implications for future research and acknowledges its limitations. (Ewha Womans University)

학습 동기, Learning Motivation, 연구 동향 분석, Research Trend Analysis, 주제 범위 문헌 고찰, Scoping Review, 2차 연구, Secondary Research, 한국어 교육학, Teaching Korean to Speakers of Other Languages

밍휘 Nguyen Thi Minh Huy , 빈선 Nguyen Thi Binh Son

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.2 Vol.79(No.0) 35-59, 2025

This study examines the perceptions and experiences of Korean-Vietnamese interpreters regarding sight translation within the Vietnamese context. Its primary aim is to explore the pedagogical implications for Korean language education programs. Using a survey-based approach, the research investigates interpreters’ conceptual understanding, frequency of use, perceived challenges, and training needs in the practice of sight translation. The findings indicate that most participants demonstrate a clear understanding of sight translation, acknowledge its significance, and identify key difficulties such as limited subject-matter knowledge and the complexity of source texts. The study concludes that structured training in sight translation can enhance interpreters’ professional competence and should be systematically incorporated into Korean Interpretation and Translation training curricula. (Seoul National University·University of Foreign Language Studies-The University of Danang)

문장구역, Sight Translation, 베트남인 통역사, Vietnamese Interpreter, 한·베 통역, Korean-Vietnamese Interpretation, 통역사 인식, Interpreter Perception, 한국어 통번역 교육, Korean Interpretation and Translation Training

박혜경 Park Hyekyung , 장미라 Jang Mira

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.3 Vol.79(No.0) 61-94, 2025

This study aimed to analyze research trends in Korean language education as a second foreign language in overseas elementary and secondary schools, evaluating their achievements and limitations and proposing future directions. A total of 155 journal articles, conference papers, and theses published up to July 2025 were comprehensively reviewed in terms of period, country, topic, and research method, and keyword frequencies were visualized through word clouds. The analysis revealed that research activities have increased significantly since the late 2010s, with journal articles and master’s theses accounting for the largest share. The studies covered 27 countries, and six― Thailand, Japan, China, the United States, Vietnam, and Mongolia― comprised 68.5% of all cases, forming the core of the discussion. Most studies focused on middle and high schools, and their topics were mainly concerned with the current status, textbooks, and curricula, indicating the need for greater diversity and in-depth exploration. Visualization of research titles also showed a concentration on textbook development and curriculum design focused on specific countries and educational levels. Based on these results, future research should diversify its regions and target groups to avoid concentration on specific countries or school levels and promote policy and institutional support to help Korean language education take root within national public-education systems. Furthermore, it is necessary to expand practical studies on the establishment of collaborative networks among researchers, teachers, and institutions, as well as on the development of digital- and AI-based teaching and learning models. (Sungkyunkwan University·Kyung Hee Cyber University)

해외, Overseas, 초·중등학교, Elementary and Secondary Schools, 제2외국어, Second Foreign Language, 한국어 교육, Korean Language Education, 연구 동향, Research Trends

왕가금 Wang Jiajin , 조청화 Zhao Qinghua

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.4 Vol.79(No.0) 95-135, 2025

With the increasing number of immigrant youths in Korea, the importance of Korean language education for this learner group has been increasingly recognized. However, research in this area began relatively late, and studies that directly examine the acquisition of specific grammatical morphemes remain limited. This study focuses on the Korean prefinal ending -eoss-, which is known to be difficult to acquire even at higher levels of proficiency, and investigates how immigrant youth learners employ it in written and spoken production, as well as whether its developmental patterns are consistent with the Aspect Hypothesis (AH). To this end, data were collected from three Chinese immigrant youths over an 18-month period through guided writing tasks, and both written and spoken samples were coded and analyzed at six-month intervals. The analysis revealed that while the AH was generally supported, the detailed developmental patterns varied according to production mode, verb type, and learner background. In addition, the learners demonstrated higher performance in written production than in spoken production in terms of both frequency and accuracy. Furthermore, some findings differed from those reported for adult learners, suggesting that Korean language education for immigrant youths requires pedagogical approaches distinct from those designed for adults. (Seoul National University)

중도입국 청소년, Immigrant Youth, 한국어 선어말어미, Korean Pre-final Endings, 상적 특성, Aspectual Characters, 발달 연구, Development, 문·구어 비교, Comparative Study of Spoken and Written Language

왕팡링 Wang Fangling , 등호연 Deng Haoran , 이경희 Lee Kyung Hee

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.5 Vol.79(No.0) 137-168, 2025

This study developed and validated a Korean Language Enjoyment Scale specifically designed for students with a Chinese language and cultural background attending Korean language institutes in South Korea. Unlike previous research that applies general Foreign Language Enjoyment Scales or Korean Enjoyment Scales to diverse learner populations, this study addresses the unique linguistic, psychological, and sociocultural contexts of learners from Chinese language and cultural backgrounds by adapting and refining scale items accordingly. Quantitative data collected from 394 participants were analyzed via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, confirming a reliable two-factor structure comprising “Psychological Support and Achievement” and “Classroom Atmosphere and Enjoyment.” Furthermore, qualitative content analysis of 248 open- ended responses provided contextual and construct-related evidence for the scale’s validity, highlighting key contextual factors such as positive teacher feedback, alleviation of fear of making mistakes, peer collaboration, and diverse classroom activities as central contributors to learners’ enjoyment. By combining large-scale empirical validation with culturally responsive methodological adaptations and mixed- methods analysis, this study underscores the imperative for contextually grounded measurement tools in second language research and offers a validated instrument to support emotional safety, relational support, and active engagement among learners with Chinese language and cultural backgrounds. (Kyung Hee University)

한국어 즐거움 척도, Korean Language Enjoyment Scale, 중국 언어 문화 배경 학습자, Learners with a Chinese Linguistic-cultural Background, CLCB Learners, 척도 타당화, Scale Validation, 외국어 즐거움, Foreign Language Enjoyment, 언어 학습 감정, Language Learning Emotions

유정영 Liu Jingying

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.6 Vol.79(No.0) 169-195, 2025

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of working memory on korean listening comprehension. Working memory has been found to play an important role in second language acquisition. However, the majority of the related studies have been focused on reading comprehension among english as a foreign language. Therefore, the present study is a further attempt to investigate the impact of working memory in korean listening comprehension. To this end, a sample of 49 native chinese learners were recruited. To collect a series of measures including a working memory task and a listening comprehension passage. The results were as follows: (a) working memory had a significant effect on korean listening comprehension and its two sub-components(literal listening comprehension and inference listening comprehension), with a more stronger effect on literal comprehension than inferential comprehension; (b) only storage of working memory significantly affects listening comprehension and its two sub-components, with a greater impact on inferential comprehension than listening comprehension. These results may contribute to the development of more effective methods for teaching korean listening and improving learners’ comprehension abilities. (Changchun University)

작업 기억, Working Memory, 처리, Processing, 저장, Storage, 듣기 이해 능력, Listening Comprehension Ability, 사실적 듣기, Lliteral Listening Comprehension, 추론적 듣기, Inference Listening Comprehension

이혜진 Lee Hyejin

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.7 Vol.79(No.0) 197-221, 2025

This study investigated how subject omission errors in Korean appear in the written corpus of Korean-Chinese elementary school students residing in Korea. Specifically, the several variables explored included whether the parents were Korean-Chinese, the languages the subjects could speak, the language they used most in their family, and the duration of their stay in Korea. As a result, firstly, findings showed that the variable with the most significant differences was the duration of their stay in Korea. Secondly, when the duration of their stay in Korea was less than 5 years, subject overload errors were more frequent and subject omission errors were relatively rare. But when it was more than 10 years, subject overload errors were almost never found and subject omission errors were similar to those in cases of less than 5 years. Thirdly, when examining subject omission errors by the duration of stay in Korea into irrecoverable subject omission errors and subject omission errors at stage transitions, significant differences were found in subject omission errors at stage transition. It is expected that the results of this study will serve as basic data suggesting the necessity and direction of teaching the phenomenon of subject omission in Korean education for Korean-Chinese elementary school students residing in Korea. (Yonsei University)

주어 생략 오류, Subject Omission Errors, 한국어, Korean, 조선족 초등학생, Korean-Chinese Elementary School Students, 작문 말뭉치, Written Corpus, 변인, Variables

장문려 Zhang Wenli , 기복정 Ql Fuding

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.8 Vol.79(No.0) 223-248, 2025

Improved Flanders Interactive Analysis System, 개선형 플랜더스 상호작용 분석 시스템, Chinese Universities, 중국 대학, Basic Korean Language, 기초 한국어, Teaching Behavior, 교수 행동, Classroom Interaction, 교실 상호작용

최수영 Cui Xiuying

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.9 Vol.79(No.0) 249-274, 2025

This study examines Chinese learners’ perceptions of Korean vocabulary learning applications to provide baseline evidence for app design. A survey was administered, and 130 valid responses (out of 151 collected) were analyzed. The findings are as follows. First, learners perceived vocabulary apps as offering practical utility and efficiency distinct from traditional methods. Second, they indicated a need for design improvements, especially task-based structures and context-integrated content. Third, learners requested personalized content, affordable access (e.g., pricing/ads), and more precise feedback functions. Finally, learners preferred using apps alongside traditional learning. Instead of serving as stand-alone tools, it is suggested that apps should be integrated with classes and textbooks through collaboration with educational institutions. These results articulate user-side strengths and needs in the Chinese learner cohort and suggest practical directions for future Korean vocabulary app development. (Korea University)

어휘, Vocabulary, 애플리케이션, Application, 중국인 학습자, Chinese Learners, 모바일 학습, Mobile Learning, 인식 조사, Perception Survey

호길 Hu Ji , 김낭예 Kim Nang-ye

DOI:10.21716/TKFL.79.10 Vol.79(No.0) 275-307, 2025

In this study, we analyzed the cultural elements presented in Korean language textbooks published during various stages of Korean language education in China. This analysis spans from the initial phase through the adjustment phase into the period immediately before the development phase, with a specific focus on changes across these periods. Overall, in textbooks, Chinese culture was represented more prominently than North Korean culture. Regarding North Korean culture, elements related to history, politics, and economy were prominently featured in the initial phase, demonstrating the superiority of the North Korean system, as well as advocating for the Workers’ Party and Chairman Kim Il-sung. Nevertheless, this emphasis diminished considerably in later periods. Conversely, concerning Chinese culture, elements related to politics, history, values, and economy exhibited a declining trend. This decline indicates a gradual reduction of support for the Communist Party and key leaders as well as ideological orientations and the emphasis on Sino-North Korean friendly relations. Furthermore, textbooks from the period immediately before the development included frequent presentations of geography and daily life culture aimed at showcasing societal progress. These evolving patterns observed in Korean language textbooks published in China can be interpreted as a reflection of the political and diplomatic shifts between North Korea and China, as well as societal developments.

중국 출판, Published in China, 조선어 교재, Joseoneo Textbooks, 문화 요소 변화 양상, Changes of Cultural Elements, 북한 문화, Culture of North Korea, 중국 문화, Culture of China